Givet en række af små bogstaver strenge opgaven er at finde antallet af strenge, der er forskellige. To strenge er forskellige, hvis den anden streng ikke kan dannes ved at anvende følgende operationer på en streng.
- Et tegn på det ulige indeks kan kun byttes med et andet tegn på det ulige indeks.
- Et tegn på lige indeks kan kun byttes med et andet tegn på lige indeks.
Eksempler:
Input : arr[] = {'abcd' 'cbad' 'bacd'} Output : 2 The 2nd string can be converted to the 1st by swapping the first and third characters. So there are 2 distinct strings as the third string cannot be converted to the first. Input : arr[] = {'abc' 'cba'} Output : 1 EN enkel løsning er at køre to sløjfer. Den ydre løkke vælger en streng, og den indre løkke kontrollerer, om der er en tidligere streng, som kan konverteres til en aktuel streng ved at udføre tilladte transformationer. Denne løsning kræver O(n2m) tid hvor n er antallet af strenge og m er det maksimale antal tegn i en streng.
An effektiv løsning genererer en kodet streng for hver inputstreng. Den kodede har tællinger af lige og ulige placerede tegn adskilt af en separator. To strenge betragtes som ens, hvis deres kodede strenge er de samme, ellers ikke. Når vi først har en måde at kode strenge på, er problemet reduceret til at tælle særskilte kodede strenge. Dette er et typisk problem med hashing. Vi opretter et hashsæt og en efter en gemmer kodninger af strenge. Hvis der allerede findes en kodning, ignorerer vi strengen. Ellers gemmer vi kodning i hash og øger antallet af distinkte strenge.
Implementering:
C++#include
// Java program to count distinct strings with // even odd swapping allowed. import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; class GFG { static int MAX_CHAR = 26; static String encodeString(char[] str) { // hashEven stores the count of even indexed character // for each string hashOdd stores the count of odd // indexed characters for each string int hashEven[] = new int[MAX_CHAR]; int hashOdd[] = new int[MAX_CHAR]; // creating hash for each string for (int i = 0; i < str.length; i++) { char c = str[i]; if ((i & 1) != 0) // If index of current character is odd hashOdd[c-'a']++; else hashEven[c-'a']++; } // For every character from 'a' to 'z' we store its // count at even position followed by a separator // followed by count at odd position. String encoding = ''; for (int i = 0; i < MAX_CHAR; i++) { encoding += (hashEven[i]); encoding += ('-'); encoding += (hashOdd[i]); encoding += ('-'); } return encoding; } // This function basically uses a hashing based set to // store strings which are distinct according // to criteria given in question. static int countDistinct(String input[] int n) { int countDist = 0; // Initialize result // Create an empty set and store all distinct // strings in it. Set<String> s = new HashSet<>(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { // If this encoding appears first time increment // count of distinct encodings. if (!s.contains(encodeString(input[i].toCharArray()))) { s.add(encodeString(input[i].toCharArray())); countDist++; } } return countDist; } public static void main(String[] args) { String input[] = {'abcd' 'acbd' 'adcb' 'cdba' 'bcda' 'badc'}; int n = input.length; System.out.println(countDistinct(input n)); } }
# Python3 program to count distinct strings with # even odd swapping allowed. MAX_CHAR = 26 # Returns encoding of string that can be used # for hashing. The idea is to return same encoding # for strings which can become same after swapping # a even positioned character with other even characters # OR swapping an odd character with other odd characters. def encodeString(string): # hashEven stores the count of even indexed character # for each string hashOdd stores the count of odd # indexed characters for each string hashEven = [0] * MAX_CHAR hashOdd = [0] * MAX_CHAR # creating hash for each string for i in range(len(string)): c = string[i] if i & 1: # If index of current character is odd hashOdd[ord(c) - ord('a')] += 1 else: hashEven[ord(c) - ord('a')] += 1 # For every character from 'a' to 'z' we store its # count at even position followed by a separator # followed by count at odd position. encoding = '' for i in range(MAX_CHAR): encoding += str(hashEven[i]) encoding += str('-') encoding += str(hashOdd[i]) encoding += str('-') return encoding # This function basically uses a hashing based set to # store strings which are distinct according # to criteria given in question. def countDistinct(input n): countDist = 0 # Initialize result # Create an empty set and store all distinct # strings in it. s = set() for i in range(n): # If this encoding appears first time increment # count of distinct encodings. if encodeString(input[i]) not in s: s.add(encodeString(input[i])) countDist += 1 return countDist # Driver Code if __name__ == '__main__': input = ['abcd' 'acbd' 'adcb' 'cdba' 'bcda' 'badc'] n = len(input) print(countDistinct(input n)) # This code is contributed by # sanjeev2552
// C# program to count distinct strings with // even odd swapping allowed. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; class GFG { static int MAX_CHAR = 26; static String encodeString(char[] str) { // hashEven stores the count of even // indexed character for each string // hashOdd stores the count of odd // indexed characters for each string int []hashEven = new int[MAX_CHAR]; int []hashOdd = new int[MAX_CHAR]; // creating hash for each string for (int i = 0; i < str.Length; i++) { char m = str[i]; // If index of current character is odd if ((i & 1) != 0) hashOdd[m - 'a']++; else hashEven[m - 'a']++; } // For every character from 'a' to 'z' // we store its count at even position // followed by a separator // followed by count at odd position. String encoding = ''; for (int i = 0; i < MAX_CHAR; i++) { encoding += (hashEven[i]); encoding += ('-'); encoding += (hashOdd[i]); encoding += ('-'); } return encoding; } // This function basically uses a hashing based set // to store strings which are distinct according // to criteria given in question. static int countDistinct(String []input int n) { int countDist = 0; // Initialize result // Create an empty set and store all distinct // strings in it. HashSet<String> s = new HashSet<String>(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { // If this encoding appears first time // increment count of distinct encodings. if (!s.Contains(encodeString(input[i].ToCharArray()))) { s.Add(encodeString(input[i].ToCharArray())); countDist++; } } return countDist; } // Driver Code public static void Main(String[] args) { String []input = {'abcd' 'acbd' 'adcb' 'cdba' 'bcda' 'badc'}; int n = input.Length; Console.WriteLine(countDistinct(input n)); } } // This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar
<script> // Javascript program to count distinct strings with // even odd swapping allowed let MAX_CHAR = 26; function encodeString(str) { // hashEven stores the count of even indexed character // for each string hashOdd stores the count of odd // indexed characters for each string let hashEven = Array(MAX_CHAR).fill(0); let hashOdd = Array(MAX_CHAR).fill(0); // creating hash for each string for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) { let c = str[i]; if ((i & 1) != 0) // If index of current character is odd hashOdd[c.charCodeAt() - 'a'.charCodeAt()]++; else hashEven[c.charCodeAt() - 'a'.charCodeAt()]++; } // For every character from 'a' to 'z' we store its // count at even position followed by a separator // followed by count at odd position. let encoding = ''; for (let i = 0; i < MAX_CHAR; i++) { encoding += (hashEven[i]); encoding += ('-'); encoding += (hashOdd[i]); encoding += ('-'); } return encoding; } // This function basically uses a hashing based set to // store strings which are distinct according // to criteria given in question. function countDistinct(input n) { let countDist = 0; // Initialize result // Create an empty set and store all distinct // strings in it. let s = new Set(); for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) { // If this encoding appears first time increment // count of distinct encodings. if (!s.has(encodeString(input[i].split('')))) { s.add(encodeString(input[i].split(''))); countDist++; } } return countDist; } // Driver program let input = ['abcd' 'acbd' 'adcb' 'cdba' 'bcda' 'badc']; let n = input.length; document.write(countDistinct(input n)); </script>
Produktion
4
Tidskompleksitet : På)
Hjælpeplads: O(1)
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