Et nummer n og en negativ base negBase er givet til os, skal vi repræsentere n i den negative base. Negativ base fungerer på samme måde som positiv base. For eksempel i grundtal 2 multiplicerer vi bit til 1 2 4 8 og så videre for at få det faktiske tal i decimal. I tilfælde af base -2 skal vi gange bit med 1 -2 4 -8 og så videre for at få tal i decimal.
Eksempler:
java omvendt streng
Input : n = 13 negBase = -2 Output : 11101 1*(16) + 1*(-8) + 1*(4) + 0*(-2) + 1*(1) = 13
Det er muligt at repræsentere et tal i enhver negativ base med samme procedure (se En uge for detaljer). For nemheds skyld (for at slippe af med A B osv. tegn i output) tillader vi kun vores base at være mellem -2 og -10.
Vi kan løse dette problem svarende til at løse et problem med positive baser, men en vigtig ting at huske er, at resten altid vil være positiv, uanset om vi arbejder med positiv base eller negativ base, men i de fleste compilere er resultatet af at dividere et negativt tal med et negativt tal afrundet mod 0, hvilket normalt efterlader en negativ rest.
Så hver gang vi får en negativ rest, kan vi konvertere den til positiv som nedenfor
Let n = (?negBase) * quotient + remainder = (?negBase) * quotient + negBase ? negBase + negBase = (?negBase) * (quotient + 1) + (remainder + negBase). So if after doing 'remainder = n % negBase' and 'n = n/negBase' we get negative remainder we do following. remainder = remainder + (-negBase) n = n + 1 Example : n = -4 negBase = -3 In C++ we get remainder = n % negBase = -4/-3 = -1 n = n/negBase [Next step for base conversion] = -4/-3 = 1 To avoid negative remainder we do remainder = -1 + (-negBase) = -1 - (-3) = 2 n = n + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2.
Så når vi får negativ rest, vil vi gøre den positiv ved at tilføje den absolutte værdi af base til den og tilføje 1 til vores kvotient.
Ovenstående forklarede fremgangsmåde er implementeret i nedenstående kode
groovy computersprogC++
// C/C++ program to convert n into negative base form #include using namespace std; // Utility method to convert integer into string string toString(int n) { string str; stringstream ss; ss << n; ss >> str; return str; } // Method to convert n to base negBase string toNegativeBase(int n int negBase) { // If n is zero then in any base it will be 0 only if (n == 0) return '0'; string converted = ''; while (n != 0) { // Get remainder by negative base it can be // negative also int remainder = n % negBase; n /= negBase; // if remainder is negative add abs(base) to // it and add 1 to n if (remainder < 0) { remainder += (-negBase); n += 1; } // convert remainder to string add into the result converted = toString(remainder) + converted; } return converted; } // Driver code to test above methods int main() { int n = 13; int negBase = -2; cout << toNegativeBase(n negBase); return 0; }
Java // Java program to convert n into // negative base form class GFG { // Method to convert n to base negBase static String toNegativeBase(int n int negBase) { // If n is zero then in any base // it will be 0 only if (n == 0) return '0'; String converted = ''; while (n != 0) { // Get remainder by negative base // it can be negative also int remainder = n % negBase; n /= negBase; // if remainder is negative // add Math.abs(base) to it // and add 1 to n if (remainder < 0) { remainder += (-negBase); n += 1; } // convert remainder to String add into the result converted = String.valueOf(remainder) + converted; } return converted; } // Driver Code public static void main(String[] args) { int n = 13; int negBase = -2; System.out.print(toNegativeBase(n negBase)); } } // This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar
Python3 # Python 3 program to convert n into # negative base form # Method to convert n to base negBase def toNegativeBase(n negBase): # If n is zero then in any base it # will be 0 only if (n == 0): return '0' converted = '01' while (n != 0): # Get remainder by negative base # it can be negative also remainder = n % (negBase) n = int(n/negBase) # if remainder is negative add # abs(base) to it and add 1 to n if (remainder < 0): remainder += ((-1) * negBase) n += 1 # convert remainder to string add # into the result converted = str(remainder) + converted return converted # Driver Code if __name__ == '__main__': n = 13 negBase = -2 print(toNegativeBase(n negBase)) # This code is contributed by # Surendra_Gangwar
C# // C# program to convert n into // negative base form using System; class GFG { // Method to convert n to base negBase static String toNegativeBase(int n int negBase) { // If n is zero then in any base // it will be 0 only if (n == 0) return '0'; String converted = ''; while (n != 0) { // Get remainder by negative base // it can be negative also int remainder = n % negBase; n /= negBase; // if remainder is negative // add Math.Abs(base) to it // and add 1 to n if (remainder < 0) { remainder += (-negBase); n += 1; } // convert remainder to String add into the result converted = String.Join('' remainder) + converted; } return converted; } // Driver Code public static void Main(String[] args) { int n = 13; int negBase = -2; Console.Write(toNegativeBase(n negBase)); } } // This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji
JavaScript <script> // JavaScript program to convert n into // negative base form // Method to convert n to base negBase function toNegativeBase(n negBase) { // If n is zero then in any base // it will be 0 only if (n == 0) return '0'; let converted = '01'; while (n != 0) { // Get remainder by negative base // it can be negative also let remainder = (-1)*(Math.abs(n) % Math.abs(negBase)); n = parseInt(n/negBase); // if remainder is negative // add Math.abs(base) to it // and add 1 to n if (remainder < 0) { remainder += ((-1)*negBase); n += 1; } // convert remainder to String add into the result converted = remainder.toString() + converted; } return converted; } // Driver Code let n = 13; let negBase = -2; document.write(toNegativeBase(n negBase)''); // This code is contributed by shinjanpatra </script>
Produktion:
11101
Tidskompleksitet: PÅ)
Hjælpeplads: O(1)
Reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_base